Return on investment (ROI) – This is usually calculated by dividing the NOI by purchasing the desired property and multiplying the result by 100 to get the ROI in percentage. Return on investment is a crucial tool for weighing the potentials a property has.It is generally calculated in relation to the initial cash investment put into a particular property. Cash on cash return – Investors usually use this to evaluate the annual returns on invested cash.It calculates using both the NOI and the annual mortgage debt service. Lenders use debt service coverage ratios (DSCR) to determine if a property is worth financing.Other parameters that are dependent on the net operating income include: We must also realize that NOI is a key tool in measuring any property’s capitalization rate, as we see below. This is referred to as Net Operating Loss or NOL. For instance, If the total income a property pulls in is around $500,000, and the total operating expenses are $800,000, the NOI is negative, by $300,000. In the above example, the net operating income is $1,500,000. Total operating expenses (OE) = $1,000,000 Consider the table below for a multifamily property.
To understand the formula very well, let’s use an example. Net Operating Income = Real Estate Revenue (or total income) – Operating Expenses
To calculate the net operating income of any real estate property, we use the following formula: Other metrics in which NOI is used in real estate include the NIM or net income multiplier, total return on investment, and cash return on investment. This metric clearly shows if a property or investment can cover all of its debt payments and operational costs. In multifamily properties and real estate in general, NOI is used in calculating DSCR or debt service coverage ratio. On the other hand, operating costs include insurance fees, legal fees, utilities, property taxes, the cost for repairs, and cleaning or janitorial expenses. Other income sources for the property include revenue from parking lots, laundry facilities, vending machines, and other property owners’ amenities. The major source of income for the property is rental income. To do this, the property’s operating cost is deducted from the overall income generated by the property. It helps real estate professionals evaluate the exact income that is generated from their property. Since NOI is a valuation tool, it is essential in the multifamily sector. Some other finance sectors call it an “EBITDA” or “earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization” which normally appears on your income and cash flow statement excluding all loans, amortization, capital expenditures, taxes, mortgage payments, interests, and depreciation. One major fact that must be remembered when dealing with NOI is that it comes before operational tax deductions. Some real estate investors even think of NOI as the most important metric when considering any investment since it directly affects the cash flow for various real estate properties, especially multifamily properties. It is used to calculate an investment’s profitability and the revenue generated from a property after deducting all operating costs. NOI is an indicator used to analyze what the yield of a particular asset will be. NOI stands for Net Operating Income, and it is a term that is widely used in the property investment and real estate sector.